The three constituents of Bitzer’s rhetorical situation include Exigence, Audience, and Constraints. Exigence is defined as imperfection urgency and obstacles. According to Bitzer, to be identifies as an exigence the subject but be a problem that is able to be solved. An example could be the weather I’m which a meteorologist could tell you, you may need an umbrella for the day, persuading you to try to keep dry.
Mediator is an ideal word to describe an audience. In other words for an audience to really be considered an audience, they must be a middle ground of change. The audience must be capable to conduct action regarding whatever topic is at hand. This way they aren’t useless in the persuasion of exigence. Bitzer alludes to the idea of when approaching an audience, the addresser must be able to influence them. There needs to be a common ground in which it is known that there is a chance of influence within the audience. For example to protest against FSU’s president Thrasher, you would target an audience that collectively could change the situation. An audience of students who attend FSU would be an appropriate audience because if enough took action, a change could happen.
Lastly, the idea of Constraints simply engage in the limitation of decisions and actions. Constraints do just as the word entails. An author or addresser could create constraints simply by picking an audience or an exigence. It is stressed that legitimately anything could be a constraint, getting in the way of persuading a targeted audience in an appropriate manner.
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